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UNION COUNTY,
one of the fifteen counties into which
Illinois was divided at the time of its admission as
a State - having been organized, under the
Territorial Government, in January, 1818. It
is situated in the southern division of the State,
bounded on the west by the Mississippi River, and
has an area of 400 square miles. The eastern
and interior portions are drained by the Cache River
and Clear Creek. The western part of the
county comprises the broad, rich bottom lands lying
along the Mississippi, but is subject to frequent
overflow, while the eastern portion is hilly, and
most of its area originally heavily timbered.
The county is especially rich in minerals.
Iron-ore, lead, bituminous coal, chalk, alum and
potter's clay are found in considerable abundance.
Several lines of railway (the most important being
the Illinois Central) either cross or tap the
county. The chief occupation is agriculture,
although manufacturing is carried on to Jonesboro is
the county-seat, and Cobden and Ana important
shipping stations. The latter is the location
of the Southern Hospital for the Insane. The
population of the county, in 1890, was 21,529.
Being next to St. Clair, Randolph and Gallatin, one
of the earliest settled counties in the State, many
prominent men found their first home, on coming into
the State, at Jonesboro, and this region, for a
time, exerted a strong influence in public affairs.
Pop. (1910), 21,856.
